A Guide to Terminal Punctuation

A Guide to Terminal Punctuation A Guide to Terminal Punctuation A Guide to Terminal Punctuation By Mark Nichol This post outlines the functions of punctuation marks employed at the end of a sentence: the period, the exclamation point, the question mark, and ellipses. Period Periods are employed as terminal punctuation for statements other than questions or exclamations. In American English, periods precede a close quotation mark at the end of a sentence (with some technical exceptions in such fields as botany, linguistics, and philosophy). Periods also follow numbers and letters that precede each item in a vertical list. When an abbreviation ending in a period closes a sentence (such as in â€Å"Such abbreviations are common in content pertaining to mathematics, science, etc.†), it does double duty as terminal punctuation; do not add a period. An exclamation point or question mark can follow such use of a period, but revision to avoid consecutive punctuation is advised. See this post for information about the use of periods in abbreviation. Exclamation Point In formal writing, use of the exclamation point is rare, but it performs a useful function in expressing exclamation of surprise (â€Å"That’s absurd!†) or communicating an imperative (â€Å"Halt!†). It may also be employed to indicate enthusiasm (â€Å"Hi!†). An exclamation point should replace, not accompany, a comma (â€Å"No!† she replied†), though an exception is made when the exclamation is part of the title of a composition or of a component of one (â€Å"Her latest painting, titled simply Yes!, is on display†; â€Å"The final chapter, ‘Where Do I Go from Here?,’ is essential reading†). When both an exclamation point and a question mark are appropriate, choose one or the other, though in informal writing, an interrobang, a hybrid of both symbols, can be employed. Frequent use of the exclamation point, or use of two or more in succession, is distracting and should be employed only, for example, to signal in fiction writing the exuberance of a character. An exclamation point in parentheses indicates an editorial interpolation expressing alarm or surprise, as in â€Å"A speaker who seriously proposed summary execution (!) was heckled.† Writers should take care to place an exclamation point before or after a close quotation mark depending on its function. Compare, for example, â€Å"John screamed, ‘Get out!’† and â€Å"You can believe I was shocked when Mary quietly responded, ‘I know the truth, because I was there’!† In the first sentence, the exclamation point, positioned inside the quotation marks containing John’s outburst, emphasizes the screamed command; in the second sentence, the exclamation point, located outside the quotation marks framing Mary’s reported comment but within those bracketing the reporter’s statement, signals the surprise the reporter felt about Mary’s unexpected but quietly uttered admission. Exclamation points that are integral to a proper name (for example, in the company name Yahoo! or in the title of the television program Jeopardy!) are usually retained, though they may, especially in the former example, invite confusion. (Ambiguity is unlikely in the case of an exclamation point that is part of a word or phrase formatted in italics or boldface.) Question Mark A question mark is employed in place of a period to indicate an interrogative word, phrase, or full sentence- usually the latter, although it may follow a single word or a phrase functioning as a sentence, or one or more interrogative elements can be embedded in a sentence, as in â€Å"Was he feeling envy? resentment? humiliation?† (Alternatively, the last two words might be treated as one-word sentences: â€Å"Was he feeling envy? Resentment? Humiliation?†) Question marks should not punctuate indirect questions (â€Å"The question is whether the initiative should be funded by taxpayers†), sentences ending with interrogative words (â€Å"Naturally, you might ask why†), or formal requests (â€Å"Would you please respond at your earliest inconvenience†). A question mark may also replace or accompany an unknown quantity, as in â€Å"John Smith (1452?–1506) . . .† or â€Å"John Smith (?–1506) . . . .† See also the discussion of exclamation points above; all the guidance after the first paragraph in that section applies to question marks as well. Ellipses When ellipses end an unfinished sentence, the implication is that the reader is familiar with the full sentence (â€Å"When in Rome . . .†), which is delivered in an offhand manner, or that the speaker is faltering (â€Å"I was just trying to . . .†). (To represent interrupted speech, use a dash rather than ellipses; see this post about the use of dashes as internal punctuation.) When representing omission of one or more words at the beginning of a sentence that follows a full sentence, use a period and ellipses as shown here: â€Å"Finish each day and be done with it. . . . Tomorrow is a new day.† When indicating elision of one or more words at the end with a complete sentence, which is followed by another sentence, place the period for the first sentence after the ellipses as shown here: â€Å"I want to live and feel all the shades, tones and variations of mental and physical experience . . . . And I am horribly limited.† (The period is the fourth dot.) Do not place ellipses at the end of a quotation to indicate that more text follows the quotation in the source material. The use of ellipses as internal punctuation is discussed in this post. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidHow to Punctuate Descriptions of ColorsDrama vs. Melodrama

The History of Pinball and Pinball Machines

The History of Pinball and Pinball Machines Pinball is a coin-operated arcade game  where players score points by shooting metal balls on an inclined playfield, hitting special targets, and avoiding losing their balls.​ Montegue Redgrave Bagatelle In 1871, British inventor, Montegue Redgrave was granted US Patent #115,357 for his Improvements in Bagatelle. Bagatelle was an older game that used a table and balls. Redgraves patented changes to the game of Bagatelle included: adding a coiled spring and a plunger, making the game smaller, replacing the large bagatelle balls with marbles, and adding the inclined playfield. All common features of the later game of pinball. Pinball machines appeared in mass, during the early 1930s as countertop machines (without legs) and they featured the characteristics created by Montegue Redgrave. In 1932, manufacturers began adding legs to their games. First Pinball Games Bingo made by the Bingo Novelty Company was a countertop mechanical game released in 1931. It was also the first machine manufactured by D. Gottlieb Company, who were contracted to produce the game. Baffle Ball made by D. Gottlieb Company was a countertop mechanical game released in 1931. In 1935, Gottlieb released an electro-mechanical standing version of Baffle Ball with a  payout. Bally Hoo was a countertop mechanical game with optional legs released in 1931. Bally Hoo was the first coin-operated pinball game and was invented by the founder of the Bally Corporation, Raymond Maloney. The term pinball itself as a name for the arcade game was not seen until 1936. Tilt The tilt mechanism was invented in 1934 as a direct answer to the problem of players physically lifting and shaking the games. The tilt debuted in a game called Advance made by Harry Williams. Powered Machines The first battery operated machines appeared in 1933, Harry Williams made the first. By 1934, machines were redesigned to be used with electrical outlets allowing for new types of sounds, music, lights, lighted backglass, and other features. Bumpers, Flippers, and Scoreboards The pinball bumper was invented in 1937. The bumper debuted in a game called Bumper made by Bally Hoo. Harry Mabs invented the flipper in 1947. The flipper made its debut in a pinball game called Humpty Dumpty, made by D. Gottlieb Company. Humpty Dumpty used six flippers, three on each side. Pinball machines during the early 50s began to use separate lights behind the glass scoreboard to show scores. The 50s also introduced the first two player games. Steve Kordek Steve Kordek invented the drop target in 1962, debuting in Vagabond, and multiballs in 1963, debuting in Beat the Clock. He is also credited with repositioning the flippers to the bottom of the pinball playing field. The Future of Pinball In 1966, the first digital scoring pinball machine, Rally Girl was released Rally. In 1975, the first solid-state electronic pinball machine, the Spirit of 76, was released by Micro. In 1998, the first pinball machine with a video screen was released by Williams in their new Pinball 2000 series machines. Versions of pinball are now being sold that are completely software based.

Executive Brief Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Executive Brief - Article Example owledge for employees requires authoritative; when the goals or aim is majorly focused on increasing the engagement of employees in work calls for the consultative (Langhorne, 2014); while when the aims or goals are spread out and are deeper rooted in the organization it calls for consensual type of decision-making (Langhorne, 2014). Decision-making exhibits itself as a form of communication whereby the manager exercises his power and understanding through he delivery of adequate decision on the best way the company or organization should take therefore if a manger offers a negative decision or communication to the workers it largely affects the organizations trust in his management qualities. When the decision-making qualities are exercised by an individual the chances of the organizations taking unnecessary risks and the likelihood or problems arising is greatly reduced as they present a situation as easy to addressed following what is best need for the company (Langhorne, 2014). CONCLUSION: Therefore, the performance of an organization clearly depends on the decision-making qualities present in the managerial team of an organization that greatly understand the strength of building an organization’s trust (Langhorne,

Marketing a New Product Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing a New Product - Research Paper Example These services rendered by the company are generally related to the mobility parameters and thus encourages the consumers to purchase the automobiles for a safer and hassle free journey. Though the company encompasses a large number of automobile brands yet the company endeavours to render an individual identity to each of the different brands falling under the banner. The individual brands and companies working under the common banner of the Volkswagen group perform in a collaborative fashion to enhance revenue and market potential of the company in the international market (Volkswagen, 2010). Analysis of the Market Performance of Volkswagen The market performance of the Volkswagen shows that the company has gained a huge market acceptance both in terms of market shares and revenues. It is found that for consecutive ten months of the financial year 2011 the company recorded a sales of around 6.80 million vehicles through conducting sales from its different branches. This sales figur e reflects a rise of around 13.8 percent in respect of the sales occurring in the previous year. In regards to delivery figures the company records an increase of around 21.2 and 21.8 percent rise in respect of regions like North America and United States. Similarly in various European regions the Volkswagen Group recorded a high sales figure which rose by around 21.8 percent in respect to the previous years (Volkswagen, 2011). Need for Developing on its Product Lines It is found that regions like North America and in other European countries where the company has targeted in expanding its operation base is also subjected to large amount of snow falls. Snow falls in this region is likely to grow to around 25 inches in height mainly in the months ranging from November to April. Thus in regards to this fact the automobile company is required to devise new strategies in product development by adding wipers in the side mirrors of the cars manufactured. This development made in the produ ct line would help the users get rid of blurred vision caused due to damaged windows (NaturalHazards.org., n.d.). Explanation of/rationale for new product It is observed from the above discussion that the company gains a larger portion of the sales revenues through its enhanced sales in the North American region and in other European markets. To address the expansion activities in these regions in an effective fashion the company requires strategising and customizing its products. One of the effective strategies in regards to customization is the addition of wipers to side mirrors of cars. This creation of wipers helps in enhancing the effectiveness of the vehicles running in these regions. Creation of wipers along the side mirrors would help the automobile company counter contingencies like heavy snow fall or rainfall. This creation of wipers acts as a value addition to the automobiles manufactured by the company in regards to the North American and European regions. Through the us e of side wipers the consumers can drive safely in the North Amer

Computer Security Risk for Home Users Essay Example for Free

Computer Security Risk for Home Users Essay This history of computers started long before it emerges in the 20th century. Computer was a man made device that acts as string from mechanical inventions and mathematical theories towards the modern concepts and machines formed a major academic ground and the basis that became a worldwide phenomenon. It is true that any great invention that is created to solve human lives will always have its negative side that will serve as a prey to embellish and cause catastrophic impact in a perfect device. As computer became to replace human brains, business partners, our media devices, our financial advisors, connection to the world and computer has also became our number one security threat. According to the class textbook, â€Å"A computer security risk is any event or action that could cause a loss of damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability.† (Vermaat, 2010) Some of these security risks have caused users millions of dollars due to identity theft and at the same time computer has helped law enforcement agent captured convicted felons. Computer Security risk can be classified into two main categories which are computer crimes and cybercrimes. Computer crime involves knowingly interfering with computer security which involves a deliberate act against the law and cyber crime is defined as â€Å"Traditionally, crime has been defined as an intentional violation of the legal code that is punishable by the state†. (Vermaat, 2010) Cybercrime has become a serious crime and the FBI as include this into their top three priorities. The perpetrator of cybercrime and computer crimes has fall into seven basic categories which are hacker, cracker, Script Kiddie, corporate spy, unethical employee, cyber extortionist, and cyber terrorist. Home users are mostly exposed to security threats today because they do not have the financial means to protect themselves and also home users think their level of vulnerability is small. â€Å"While the risks to standard home computer users are not as catastrophic in cost as those of small businesses and home office computer users, they are still substantial enough to not ignore. The cost in lost data, missed emails, and possibly the theft of your identity all are significant enough to warrant consideration.† (EITS, 2008) It is better to spend few dollars now to take proactive measures to protect your computer and its information will out weight the time it will take to recover from the losses you likely will suffer without an adequate protection. There are several typical technical issues and risks involving computer networks and computer users. One of which is a commonly used term called computer â€Å"virus†. A computer virus is potentially negative and damaging computer programs that affects or infect a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the user’s knowledge or permission. Once the virus infects the computer, it can spread throughout the computer and damage important programs and folders in the operating system. Another computer threat for home users is a â€Å"worm†. The book defines a worm as a â€Å"program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory of on the network, using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer or network†. The third computer threat for home users is a â€Å"Trojan horse† this type of attack is derived and named after the Greek myth and its define as â€Å"a program that hides within or look like a legitimate program. A certain condition or action usually triggers the Trojan horse. Unlike a virus or worm, Trojan horse does not replicate itself to other computers.† (Vermaat, 2010) The last known computer or network risk for home users is â€Å"rootkit† define as â€Å"a program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer. Once the rootkit is installed author can execute programs, change setting, monitor activity and access files on the remote computer†. (Vermaat, 2010) How to safeguard against Computer viruses and other Malware: Home users can take several precautions to help prevent intruders into their personal home computers and mobile devices from malicious infections. These programs can help detect problem that might affect home computers before they occur. Install a quality antivirus application such as, AVG, McAfee, Norton, and Avira antivirus programs are sufficient enough to protect a computer against virus and spyware infections. Some of these antivirus programs are provided for free, however may not be sufficient enough to protect a computer from virus and spyware infections â€Å"Pro-grade antivirus programs update more frequently throughout the day thereby providing timely protection against fast-emerging vulnerabilities, protect against a wider range of threats such as rootkits, and enable additional protective features such as custom scans.† Install real-time anti-spyware protection is a way to have a real time program on a computer that will help protect against the skyrocketing number of spyware threats on a timely manner. Free antivirus program do not provide a real-time protection against Trojan and other spyware and that is why a fully paid antivirus protection is recommended. This fully paid program can detect problems before it occurs. Keeping anti-malware applications current is another way to protect a computer against viruses or malware. â€Å"Antivirus and anti-spyware programs require regular signature and database updates. Without these critical updates, anti-malware programs are unable to protect PCs from the latest threats. In early 2009, antivirus provider AVG released statistics revealing that a lot of serious computer threats are secretive and fast-moving. Many of these infections are short-lived, but they’re estimated to infect as many as 100,000 to 300,000 new Web sites a day. Computer users must keep their antivirus and anti-spyware applications up to date. All Windows users must take measures to prevent license expiration, thereby ensuring that their anti-malware programs stay current and continue providing protection against the most recent threats. Those threats now spread with alarming speed, thanks to the popularity of such social media sites as Twitter, Facebook, and My Space† (Eckel, 2009) Once an antivirus has been installed on a device it is crucial to perform a daily scans. This can be programmed directly by the owner to either perform a scan on a hourly bases, daily or monthly bases. â€Å"The sheer number and volume of potential and new threats make it inevitable that particularly inventive infections will outsmart security software. In other cases, users may inadvertently instruct anti-malware software to allow a virus or spyware program to run.† (Eckel, 2009) Don’t click on email links or attachments it’s a tune most every Windows user has heard repeatedly: If an email link looks fishy, most likely it is, don’t click it. Antivirus software will trigger a warning sign if a link appears to be dangerous to a computer system. Sometimes a â€Å"distracted, trustful of friends or colleagues they know, or simply fooled by a crafty email message, many users forget to be wary of links and attachments included within email messages, regardless of the source. Simply clicking on an email link or attachment can, within minutes, corrupt Windows, infect other machines, and destroy critical data. Users should never click on email attachments without at least first scanning them for viruses using a business-class anti-malware application. As for clicking on links, users should access Web sites by opening a browser and manually navigating to the sites in question.† (Eckel, 2009) The quote that says â€Å"protection is better than cure† makes perfect sense even in the computer work. The only way to protect a computer is by playing it safe. Invest a little after a purchase of a PC by buying a powerful antivirus protection to protect the PC from intruders. It is also very important to be very watchful of the type of programs you download or upload into the system. One of the advantages of having that extra protection for a PC is the auto scan option that’s offered by the antivirus program. The software will automatically scan all the files or virus that might cause a negative impact on the computer. Bibliography Eckel, E. (2009, June 19). 10 ways to avoid viruses and spyware. Retrieved November 6, 2012, from A ZDNet Web Site: www.techrepublic.com EITS. (2008). Retrieved November 6, 2012, from entsols: www.entsols.com Finnie, T., Petee, T., Javis, J. (2010, September 22). Future Challenges of Cybercrime. Volume 5: Proceedings of the Futures Working Group , pp. 5-7. Vermaat, G. B. (2010). Discovering Computers Microsoft Office 2010. Boston: Course Technology Cengage Brain.

The Parallels Between Arthur Millers Life and His Play, The Crucible E

Few people are willing to stand up to the overwhelming power of authority, especially during a time like the Red scare. Hardly any authors are able to recognize meaningful similarities between the present times and an event that happened many years ago—and write about it effectively. Only one has had the courage and intelligence to do both. Arthur Miller was an American author who wrote plays, essays, and stories and has published works dating from to 1936 through 2004. The Crucible, one of his most famous plays, premiered in New York on January 22, 1953 (InfoTrac). It is a historical-fiction story set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The witch hunt described in this play is similar to the Red Scare, an anti-communist movement led by Senator Joseph McCarthy that lasted from the late 1940s to the late 1950s (Broudin). During both time periods, most people respected high authority while a few dissenters challenged conformist views. The public was censored in what they could say because of the fear of being accused of witchcraft or communism. The hysteria of the times triggered a mob-mentality to emerge among the citizens, which influenced nearly everyone to join the terrible movements. Miller presents all of these ideas in The Crucible using his own experiences as influences. He incorporated many of his own traits into the characters’ dispositions. He also described many situations in the play that were similar to the ones he was in, including how he was censored by the Red Scare. Many people will often conform while only a few will challenge authority, will use censorship to prevent others from expressing their views, and are easily affected by hysteria; these characteristics influenced Miller’s life and are reflected by him in Th... ...y I Wrote The Crucible, â€Å"that I could easily be accused of skewing history for a mere partisan purpose.† Miller’s life paralleled The Crucible in many ways. The characters in the play had many traits that resembled his. He and the people of Salem were censored by the frenzy of the times they were living in. The hysteria and the mob mentality exacerbated the anticommunists’ and the witch-hunters’ philosophies. The Red Scare affected Miller in the same way the witch hunts affected the people of Salem. As long as there are people with authority in the world, there will be challengers of authority. Censorship will always be used to make others conform. A majority of the public is and always will be easily influenced by hysteria and the mob mentality. Miller used his own experiences to write The Crucible, a play that describes universal behavior and the human condition.

Agility Logistics

In the business-economic system, logistics is one of the vital components that fuel success of companies. Every company has a special budget for logistics. Logistics is the aspect that manages the company’s flow of resources and information in order to conform to the consumers’ necessities — from inventory to packaging.Mainly, it is about the movement of funds and resources from one business to another until it reaches the customers. In the recent years, logistics has become a vital part of the production cost with its number ranging from 5% to 10%.Moreover, logistics isn’t just vital to businesses but to the government as well. According to research, logistics is even said to have originated from the military’s need to supply themselves with ammunition and arms. Military logistics, also known as combat service support, carry out the planning, development and maintenance of all military operations. It deals mainly on forecasting the supplies and ser vices needed.Military officials based their assessment and analysis on logistics. It helps greatly in the improvement of facilities and training. Because of the developments in military logistics, the government was able to develop strategies in national defense and security handling.To meet every company’s needs, the concept of third party logistics was formulated. A third part logistics provides outsourced logistics services to companies, thus making company’s obligations and responsibilities easier. Some companies hire a third part logistics instead of spending money in the creation of their logistics department.Currently, there are thousands of companies all over the world that specialize in the field of logistics, providing third part logistics for other companies. Among the top ten companies making names in third part logistics is Agility.Agility OverviewAgility is a company known world wide in the field of logistics, more specifically in third part logistics. It has more than 32,000 employees, and over 550 offices around the globe. Agility classified their services into three business groups: Global Integrated Logistics (GIL), Defense and Government Services (DGS) and Investments. The business groups are described in their official website www.agilitylogistics.com as follows:The Global Integrated Logistics (GIL) business group offers an integrated portfolio of logistics solutions supported by a comprehensive network of warehousing facilities, transportation and freight management services worldwide.Defense and Government Services (DGS), our government contracting group, leverages our global logistics network and our track record of exceptional service to provide comprehensive logistics solutions to the defense and government sector.Agility’s Investments business groups covers three lines of businesses – Real Estate, Private Equity and Trade Facilitation, and our expertise in emerging markets to develop superior investment opp ortunities.Agility’s customers range from businesses related to technology, various retail products to oil related industries. According to the president and CEO of Agility, Essa Al Saleh, â€Å"Agility offers customer-driven solutions dedicated to meeting our customer’s supply chain needs.† Each of Agility’s business group team is dedicated to meet each personalized customer needs in the complex economic system.One Company, Three Business GroupsOne notable strategy of Agility is the division of their company into three business groups: Global Integrated Logistics, Defense and Government Services and Investments. Each client has unique needs. Generally, needs are discussed in a very general and rather vague manner.With Agility’s three business groups, needs are narrowed until identified and classified among the groups. Each of the three business groups has specific functions and solutions particularly designed to answer the requirements of the clie nts.The economic system is very complex. In addition, the government also has needs that should be attended professionally. In the quest to becoming the leader in logistics, Agility made a strategy that will make them the first option of any company, business or government from all over the world when it comes to logistics needs.The services that logistics companies offer have a very wide range. By classifying the services into three specific areas, the clients readily see what Agility has to offer.One of Agility’s main shout out is serving its clients’ personalized needs. The three business groups serve this motto. Because of this strategy, whenever a client has logistics needs or whenever a client is looking for a logistics company to be outsourced, Agility will always be an option. For example, when a government agency, military for example,Global Integrated LogisticsSupply Chain SolutionsAgility has several services under its Supply Chain Solutions: Warehousing and Distribution, Facilities Management, Just-in Time, Vendor Managed Inventory, Employee Relocation, Contract Logistics Management, Origin Cargo Management, Direct to Store and Reverse Logistics.

What influence has Vincent van Gogh

Artists had many original ideas during van Sago's lifetime, though they could not be conveniently categorized. The term ‘Post-Impressionist' denotes a few independent artists, like van Gogh who at the end of the 19th century rebelled against the limitations of traditional Impressionism. However, it does not account for an artistic style or formal movement. They expressed a range of individual styles which focused on the emotional, structural, symbolic and spiritual elements that they felt where missing from Impressionism.The work of these painters formed a basis for several art movements. Van Gogh was an important artist in the late 19th century Symbolist movement. Symbolism emerged in France between 1885 and 1910 as a reaction against Realism and Impressionism. The symbolic value or meaning of an artwork came from the recreation of emotional experiences in the viewer through color, line, and composition. The first works of van Gogh were produced through Color Symbolism. He fel t that certain colors had a symbolic meaning, as he associated them with different moods.Dark blue and black signified dread and fear, light and brighter tones, such as turquoise and yellow were used to create a sense of peace and calm. Van Sago's preferred color was yellow; he strongly linked this color with happiness and warmth. His Sunflowers 1888) painting evidently features many shades of yellow as it was painted during one of the most hopeful times of van Sago's life. His tendency to make stress on symbolic colors became a worldwide phenomenon in various cultures. Van Sago's guidance on Symbolism had a large practice in the following art movements, Fauvism and Expressionism.Van Gogh was involved in the development of Fauvism. It was the first 20th century movement in modern art, a short-lived approach to painting focused in France between 1900 and 1908. Van Sago's experiments with paint application, subject matter, form and most significantly, pure unmixed color undistributed to the beginnings that brought forth Fauvism. Henry Matisse was a prominent leader in the Fauvist movement. He created the Fauve style after experimenting with several Post-Impressionist approaches, primarily the technique of Vincent van Gogh.Matisse's influence inspired him to reject traditional methods of perception however he retained the realistic values of Impressionism. He adopted van Sago's use of strong colors and loose application of it into his work. In 1901, Maurice De Villains encountered a display of van Sago's work at the Galleries Beriberi-Jejune in Paris. â€Å"I was so moved that I wanted to cry with Joy and despair. On that day I loved van Gogh more than I loved my father†, he declared. This turned Villains decisively towards an art career indebted to van Gogh.Ultimately, Villains became an original member of the Fauve group, alongside Henry Matisse. Together, they formally launched Fauvism at the 1905 Salon autonomy. Van Gogh once wrote to his brother Thee, â€Å"Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes, I use color more arbitrarily in order to express myself forcibly†¦ To exaggerate the essential and to leave the obvious vague†, this confirms his technique which was used excessively by the Fauvists. Van Sago's unique style clearly had an influence upon later artists which stemmed into the establishment Fauvism.The first phase of the 20th century Expressionist movement was led by van Gogh. The movement originated from Germany and had spread across Europe lasting from 1905 to 1920. Expressionism came into existence as a reaction against Impressionism; it was mainly inspired by the expressive and symbolist currents in late 19th century art. In the words of art critic Sue Hubbard, â€Å"At the beginning of the twentieth century Van Gogh gave the Expressionists a new painterly language that enabled them to go beyond reface appearance and penetrate deeper essential truths†.He proved particularly influential on the Expressionists encouraging them to employ symbolic colors, distorted forms, surfaces and shapes to produce a highly emotional effect. Van Gogh was more popular in Germany than anywhere else. German Expressionist, Ernest Ludwig Kerchief and other artists of Die Brooke (The Bridge) were fascinated by van Sago's technique, adopting his dramatic brushwork and sharp color contrasts. Another major German Expressionist, Vastly Sandusky and the artists of the Deer Blade Ritter (The Blue Rider) movement lasting from 1911 to 1914, admired van Gogh or rejecting visible reality in his artworks.Private collectors and museum directors in Germany were among the first to purchase van Sago's work, providing evidence that he was in fact involved in the beginning of the Expressionist movement. Jackson Pollock and Willie De Cooking were arguably the most important pioneers of Abstract Expressionism who were influenced by van Gogh in the sass and sass. The artists have been described as , â€Å"†¦ Powerfully inventive developing a radically new approach to painting† . Yet, their work was not completely original; they incorporated van Sago's experimental technique of sweeping, expressive restructures into their artworks.Vincent brushstrokes reflected his mood; he used many short, broken strokes to create a sense of agitation, and longer brushstrokes to convey a feeling of greater calm. His technique was used excessively by Abstract Expressionists, having a moderate impact on the movement. Artists today are still inspired by van Sago's unique vision. ‘America's Vincent van Gogh' of the 21st century is currently leading Contemporary Impressionists. Stefan Duncan has been greatly influenced by van Gogh in that he uses a vibrant, kinetic style with an updated quinine to draw quick unblended strokes into long curvy lines.His impressionistic approach attempts to capture nature's beauty in all of his work. Duncan has currently classified his art approa ch into a new branch of Impressionism known as, Squiggles. The new Contemporary Impressionists strive to prove that van Sago's style is no longer a dead art form and is still developing and altering with the times. The legacies of van Sago's work have contributed to modern cultural depiction of art. Van Gogh produced 900 paintings and made 1,100 sketches in the last ten years of is life, while only selling one of them in his career, The Red Vineyard (1888).His most acclaimed works were created within a span less than three years, a time in which he suffered from mental illness and instability. Greatly contrasting his lifetime of poverty, Van Sago's paintings have become extremely iconic; some have established record prices being among the world's most expensive paintings, such as his portrait of Dry. Cachet (1890), sold for hundreds of millions of dollars. Thus, the works of van Gogh contain aspects of high culture that are seen as of lasting artistic alee, furthering how art is now culturally depicted.A majority of our greatest painters enjoyed fame and often wealth during their lifetime; however van Sago's reputation steadily increased after his death. The dramatic elements of his personal tale involved poverty, self-mutilation, mental breakdown and suicide. Sadly, his mental state has tended to overshadow modern perceptions of his art. Van Gogh has become almost inseparable from his work inspiring others to dramatist his saga in poems, novels, films, operas, dance ensembles, orchestral compositions and popular music.Lust for Life† (1956) is a biographical film of the life of van Gogh, based on Irving Stone's 1932 novel. It describes the origins of van Sago's paintings and letters between him and his brother, Thee. The film reveals van Gogh as a tortured genius and recounts significant moments in his lifetime, particularly his suffering from mental illness and obsession with painting. Van Sago's conception as an artist is largely based on his reputatio n and personal tale which has had an overall impact on how art is now culturally depicted. Vincent van Gogh has become enormously influential on art over the last 200 years.His involvement in the early development of Symbolism, Fauvism and Expressionism as well as various other aspects of art has shaped our present world. Van Gogh has clearly demonstrated that painting was not merely a study of the visible surroundings, but also an expression of the artist's emotional response. Consequently, artists continue to mimic his signature style. His artwork legacy and personal tale has inspired countless people to become art involved. Van Gogh will persistently be regarded as one of history greatest painters and a vital contributor to the foundations of modern art.

spec. needs essays

ETHICS Children w/spec. needs essays Students with Special Needs in the Classroom Environment: No topic has sparked as much recent controversy in the public school system as have equal education laws, particularly laws protecting the rights of students with disabilities. Before the passage of the Education for Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (which was later renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act in 1990), children with disabilities were not treated as equals in the education system. As Dr. Francis Wardle states, For most of this century, children with disabilities have experienced isolation, segregation, misplacement, misdiagnosis, and poor-quality education in our schools and early childhood programs. The purpose of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA, focuses on a students right to a free, adequate, and suitable education. Public schools are required by law to serve the needs of all students with disabilities, even if they attend a religious or private school, or are home-schooled. Obviously, the decision to allow a child with a d isability an education outweighs the opposite alternative. The controversy surrounding this issue is the question whether the quality education of a child with special needs should exceed that of a child without disabilities. Parents may consider several alternatives before they decide the learning environment they wish to place their child in. Parents may decide to home school their child where they can ensure that their child is being taught principles they view as important. Unless the child is part of a large family, however, this alternative does not allow the child to interact with peers. Parents may also consider sending their child to a special school that educates only children with disabilities. Doing this eliminates discrimination or any teasing the child may face at an integrated school setting since they are only around other children with disabilities. This ...

A Look at Shakespeares 154 Sonnets

A Look at Shakespeare's 154 Sonnets Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets, which were collected and published posthumously in 1609. Many critics segment the sonnets into three groups: The Fair Youth Sonnets (Sonnets 1 – 126)The first group of sonnets are addressed to a young man with whom the poet has a deep friendship.The Dark Lady Sonnets (Sonnets 127 – 152)In the second sequence, the poet becomes infatuated with a mysterious woman. Her relationship with the young man is unclear.The Greek Sonnets (Sonnets 153 and 154)The final two sonnets are very different and draw upon the Roman myth of Cupid, to whom the poet has already compared his muses. Other Groupings Other scholars lump the Greek Sonnets with the Dark Lady Sonnets  and call out a different cluster (Nos. 78 to 86) as the Rival Poet Sonnets. This approach treats the subjects of the sonnets as characters  and invites ongoing questions among scholars about the degree to which the sonnets may or may not have been autobiographical. Controversies Although its generally accepted that Shakespeare wrote the sonnets, historians question certain aspects of how the sonnets came to print. In 1609, Thomas Thorpe published  Shakes-Peares Sonnets; the book, however, contains a dedication by T.T. (presumably Thorpe) that confounds scholars as to the identity of whom the book was dedicated, and whether the Mr. W.H. in the dedication may be the muse for the Fair Youth Sonnets. The dedication in Thorpes book, if it had been written by the publisher, may imply that Shakespeare himself did not authorize their publication. If this theory is true, its possible that the 154 sonnets we know today dont constitute the totality of Shakespeares work.

World history (1500 to the present) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World history (1500 to the present) - Essay Example He represented a growing population of Catholics who were dissatisfied with the administration of the church and who felt that reformation was called for. This one action spurred detractors and supporters of the Catholic Church to decide once and for all what was acceptable practice within the religion. The primary outcome of this movement was the establishment of Protestantism in Europe and the splintering of the Christian faith into many different factions. The African slave trade is something that was both very localized in terms of certain participating countries, such as the United States, Great Britain, Portugal and the various African countries from which slaves were taken; however it was also an undeniably global force. From the earliest years of the African slave trade in the 15th century, Portugal took a leading role in the spread of slaves from their native continent to Europe and to the South American continent (Bulliet et all, 2000). As trade progressed, countries such as Spain, France, England and Denmark joined in with their own ships. What has been termed a 'middle passage' refers to the triangular journey from Europe to Africa, then to the Americas. Captives were forcibly led to collection points in Africa where they were purchased by Europeans, then loaded onto ships for delivery to the New World. Men were chained together to save space, and all captives were fed one meal a day. Many of the Africans died due to dysenter y, scurvy, measles, smallpox and other diseases. The 18th century was peppered with revolution and rebellion in terms of politics and human rights; it is generally thought that these events led to a more widespread political participation within many nations. The French Revolution and the Irish Revolution (1789; 1798, respectively) were two such events that certainly did lead to a higher interest in politics and social structure in both countries and other nations nearby (Overfield and Andrea, 1993). The French Revolution saw the abolition of the aristocracy and the rise of the working class because of a burgeoning idea that all people were equal and were born with certain inalienable rights. The absolute monarchy was removed and the next years were spent in constant governmental reconstruction. The Irish Revolution was unsuccessful in that it failed to shake off the control of Great Britain in Ireland, however the social atmosphere before, during and after the Revolution shows clearly that the Irish people were very concerned for their own welfare and willing to participate in any number of plans to gain autocracy. Reference List Bulliet, R., Crossley, P., Headrick, D., Hirsch, S., Johnson, L. and Northrup, D. (2000). The Earth and its Peoples: A Global History, volume II, 3rd edition. Houghton Miflin Company. Overfield, A. and Andrea, J. (1993). The Human Record: Sources of Global History, 2nd edition. Houghto